/*
   avidump.c

   simple format info and dump utility for jpeg codestreams

   Copyright (C) 2006 Ralph Giles. All rights reserved.

   Distributed under the terms of the GNU GPL.
   See http://www.gnu.org/ for details.
*/

#include <stdint.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>

/* JPEG marker codes
   - these are the second bytes; a marker consistes of 0xff
     followed by the type codes given below. */
typedef enum {

    /* 0xFF00, 0xFF01, 0xFFFE, 0xFFC0-0xFFDF(?) ITU T.81/IEC 10918-1 */
    /* 0xFFF0 - 0xFFF6 ITU T.84/IEC 10918-3 JPEG extensions */
    /* 0xFFF7 - 0xFFF8 ITU T.87/IEC 14495-1 JPEG LS */
    /* 0xFF4F - 0xFF6f, 0xFF90 - 0xFF93 JPEG 2000 IEC 15444-1 */
    /* 0xFF30 - 0xFF3F reserved JP2 (markers only--no marker segments */

    /* JPEG 1994 - defined in ITU T.81 | ISO IEC 10918-1 */
    SOF0  = 0xc0,       /* start of frame - baseline jpeg */
    SOF1  = 0xc1,       /* extended sequential, huffman */
    SOF2  = 0xc2,       /* progressive, huffman */
    SOF3  = 0xc3,       /* lossless, huffman */

    SOF5  = 0xc5,       /* differential sequential, huffman */
    SOF6  = 0xc6,       /* differential progressive, huffman */
    SOF7  = 0xc7,       /* differential lossless, huffman */
    JPG   = 0xc8,       /* reserved for JPEG extension */
    SOF9  = 0xc9,       /* extended sequential, arithmetic */
    SOF10 = 0xca,       /* progressive, arithmetic */
    SOF11 = 0xcb,       /* lossless, arithmetic */

    SOF13 = 0xcd,       /* differential sequential, arithmetic */
    SOF14 = 0xce,       /* differential progressive, arithmetic */
    SOF15 = 0xcf,       /* differential lossless, arithmetic */

    DHT   = 0xc4,       /* define huffman tables */

    DAC   = 0xcc,       /* define arithmetic-coding conditioning */

      /* restart markers */
    RST0  = 0xd0,
    RST1  = 0xd1,
    RST2  = 0xd2,
    RST3  = 0xd3,
    RST4  = 0xd4,
    RST5  = 0xd5,
    RST6  = 0xd6,
    RST7  = 0xd7,
      /* delimeters */
    SOI   = 0xd8,       /* start of image */
    EOI   = 0xd9,       /* end of image */
    SOS   = 0xda,       /* start of scan */
    DQT   = 0xdb,       /* define quantization tables */
    DNL   = 0xdc,       /* define number of lines */
    DRI   = 0xdd,       /* define restart interval */
    DHP   = 0xde,       /* define hierarchical progression */
    EXP   = 0xdf,       /* expand reference components */

    /* JPEG 1997 extensions ITU T.84 | ISO IEC 10918-3 */
      /* application data sections */
    APP0  = 0xe0,
    APP1  = 0xe1,
    APP2  = 0xe2,
    APP3  = 0xe3,
    APP4  = 0xe4,
    APP5  = 0xe5,
    APP6  = 0xe6,
    APP7  = 0xe7,
    APP8  = 0xe8,
    APP9  = 0xe9,
    APP10 = 0xea,
    APP11 = 0xeb,
    APP12 = 0xec,
    APP13 = 0xed,
    APP14 = 0xee,
    APP15 = 0xef,
      /* extention data sections */
    JPG0  = 0xf0,
    JPG1  = 0xf1,
    JPG2  = 0xf2,
    JPG3  = 0xf3,
    JPG4  = 0xf4,
    JPG5  = 0xf5,
    JPG6  = 0xf6,
    SOF48 = 0xf7,       /* JPEG-LS */
    LSE   = 0xf8,       /* JPEG-LS extension parameters */
    JPG9  = 0xf9,
    JPG10 = 0xfa,
    JPG11 = 0xfb,
    JPG12 = 0xfc,
    JPG13 = 0xfd,
    JCOM  = 0xfe,       /* comment */

    TEM   = 0x01,       /* temporary private use for arithmetic coding */

    /* 0x02 -> 0xbf reserved in JPEG 94/97*/

    /* JPEG 2000 - defined in IEC 15444-1 "JPEG 2000 Core (part 1)" */
      /* delimiters */
    SOC   = 0x4f,	/* start of codestream */
    SOT   = 0x90,	/* start of tile */
    SOD   = 0x93,	/* start of data */
    EOC   = 0xd9,	/* end of codestream */
      /* fixed information segment */
    SIZ   = 0x51,	/* image and tile size */
      /* functional segments */
    COD   = 0x52,	/* coding style default */
    COC   = 0x53,	/* coding style component */
    RGN   = 0x5e,	/* region of interest */
    QCD   = 0x5c,       /* quantization default */
    QCC   = 0x5d,	/* quantization component */
    POC   = 0x5f,	/* progression order change */
      /* pointer segments */
    TLM   = 0x55,	/* tile-part lengths */
    PLM   = 0x57,	/* packet length (main header) */
    PLT   = 0x58,	/* packet length (tile-part header) */
    PPM   = 0x60,	/* packed packet headers (main header) */
    PPT   = 0x61,	/* packet packet headers (tile-part header) */
      /* bitstream internal markers and segments */
    SOP   = 0x91,	/* start of packet */
    EPH   = 0x92,	/* end of packet header */
      /* informational segments */
    CRG   = 0x63,	/* component registration */
    COM   = 0x64,	/* comment */

} marker;

typedef struct {
  char *mark;	/* marker mnemonic string */
  char *name;	/* longer name */
  char *spec;	/* defining specification */
} marker_info;

marker_info *markers;

/* helper for structure initialization */
marker_info init_marker(char *mark, char *name, char *spec)
{
  marker_info marker;

  marker.mark = mark;
  marker.name = name;
  marker.spec = spec;

  return marker;
}

marker_info *init_markers(void)
{
  int i;
  marker_info *marker;
  char name[256];
  int namelen;

  /* allocate marker info array */
  marker = malloc(256 * sizeof(*marker));
  if (marker == NULL) return marker;

  /* set default values for all marker code values */
  namelen = strlen("reserved XX");
  for (i = 0; i < 256; i++) {
    snprintf(name, 256, "reserved %02x", i);
    marker[i].mark = "---";
    marker[i].name = malloc(namelen+1);
    if (marker[i].name) memcpy(marker[i].name, name, namelen+1);
    marker[i].spec = strdup("JPEG");
  }

  /* set defined marks */
  marker[0x00] = init_marker( "nul", "reserved 00", "JPEG" );
  marker[0x01] = init_marker( "TEM", "reserved 01", "JPEG" );

  /* JPEG 1994 - defined in ITU T.81 | ISO IEC 10918-1 */
    /* frame types */
  marker[0xc0] = init_marker( "SOF0", "start of frame (baseline jpeg)", "JPEG 1994" );
  marker[0xc1] = init_marker( "SOF1", "start of frame (extended sequential, huffman)", "JPEG 1994" );
  marker[0xc2] = init_marker( "SOF2", "start of frame (progressive, huffman)", "JPEG 1994" );
  marker[0xc3] = init_marker( "SOF3", "start of frame (lossless, huffman)", "JPEG 1994" );

  marker[0xc5] = init_marker( "SOF5", "start of frame (differential sequential, huffman)", "JPEG 1994" );
  marker[0xc6] = init_marker( "SOF6", "start of frame (differential progressive, huffman)", "JPEG 1994" );
  marker[0xc7] = init_marker( "SOF7", "start of frame (differential lossless, huffman)", "JPEG 1994" );
  marker[0xc8] = init_marker( "JPG", "reserved for JPEG extension", "JPEG 1994" );
  marker[0xc9] = init_marker( "SOF9", "start of frame (extended sequential, arithmetic)", "JPEG 1994" );
  marker[0xca] = init_marker( "SOF10", "start of frame (progressive, arithmetic)", "JPEG 1994" );
  marker[0xcb] = init_marker( "SOF11", "start of frame (lossless, arithmetic)", "JPEG 1994" );

  marker[0xcd] = init_marker( "SOF13", "start of frame (differential sequential, arithmetic)", "JPEG 1994" );
  marker[0xce] = init_marker( "SOF14", "start of frame (differential progressive, arithmetic)", "JPEG 1994" );
  marker[0xcf] = init_marker( "SOF15", "start of frame (differential lossless, arithmetic)", "JPEG 1994" );

  marker[0xc4] = init_marker( "DHT", "define huffman tables", "JPEG 1994" );
  marker[0xcc] = init_marker( "DAC", "define arithmetic coding conditioning", "JPEG 1994" );

      /* restart markers */
  marker[0xd0] = init_marker( "RST0", "restart marker 0", "JPEG 1994" );
  marker[0xd1] = init_marker( "RST1", "restart marker 1", "JPEG 1994" );
  marker[0xd2] = init_marker( "RST2", "restart marker 2", "JPEG 1994" );
  marker[0xd3] = init_marker( "RST3", "restart marker 3", "JPEG 1994" );
  marker[0xd4] = init_marker( "RST4", "restart marker 4", "JPEG 1994" );
  marker[0xd5] = init_marker( "RST5", "restart marker 5", "JPEG 1994" );
  marker[0xd6] = init_marker( "RST6", "restart marker 6", "JPEG 1994" );
  marker[0xd7] = init_marker( "RST7", "restart marker 7", "JPEG 1994" );
      /* delimeters */
  marker[0xd8] = init_marker( "SOI", "start of image", "JPEG 1994" );
  marker[0xd9] = init_marker( "EOI", "end of image", "JPEG 1994" );
  marker[0xda] = init_marker( "SOS", "start of scan", "JPEG 1994" );
  marker[0xdb] = init_marker( "DQT", "define quantization tables", "JPEG 1994" );
  marker[0xdc] = init_marker( "DNL", "define number of lines", "JPEG 1994" );
  marker[0xdd] = init_marker( "DRI", "define restart interval", "JPEG 1994" );
  marker[0xde] = init_marker( "DHP", "define hierarchical progression", "JPEG 1994" );
  marker[0xdf] = init_marker( "EXP", "expand reference components", "JPEG 1994" );

    /* JPEG 1997 extensions ITU T.84 | ISO IEC 10918-3 */
      /* application data sections */
  marker[0xe0] = init_marker( "APP0", "application data section  0", "JPEG 1997" );
  marker[0xe1] = init_marker( "APP1", "application data section  1", "JPEG 1997" );
  marker[0xe2] = init_marker( "APP2", "application data section  2", "JPEG 1997" );
  marker[0xe3] = init_marker( "APP3", "application data section  3", "JPEG 1997" );
  marker[0xe4] = init_marker( "APP4", "application data section  4", "JPEG 1997" );
  marker[0xe5] = init_marker( "APP5", "application data section  5", "JPEG 1997" );
  marker[0xe6] = init_marker( "APP6", "application data section  6", "JPEG 1997" );
  marker[0xe7] = init_marker( "APP7", "application data section  7", "JPEG 1997" );
  marker[0xe8] = init_marker( "APP8", "application data section  8", "JPEG 1997" );
  marker[0xe9] = init_marker( "APP9", "application data section  9", "JPEG 1997" );
  marker[0xea] = init_marker( "APP10", "application data section 10", "JPEG 1997" );
  marker[0xeb] = init_marker( "APP11", "application data section 11", "JPEG 1997" );
  marker[0xec] = init_marker( "APP12", "application data section 12", "JPEG 1997" );
  marker[0xed] = init_marker( "APP13", "application data section 13", "JPEG 1997" );
  marker[0xee] = init_marker( "APP14", "application data section 14", "JPEG 1997" );
  marker[0xef] = init_marker( "APP15", "application data section 15", "JPEG 1997" );
      /* extention data sections */
  marker[0xf0] = init_marker( "JPG0", "extension data 00", "JPEG 1997" );
  marker[0xf1] = init_marker( "JPG1", "extension data 01", "JPEG 1997" );
  marker[0xf2] = init_marker( "JPG2", "extension data 02", "JPEG 1997" );
  marker[0xf3] = init_marker( "JPG3", "extension data 03", "JPEG 1997" );
  marker[0xf4] = init_marker( "JPG4", "extension data 04", "JPEG 1997" );
  marker[0xf5] = init_marker( "JPG5", "extension data 05", "JPEG 1997" );
  marker[0xf6] = init_marker( "JPG6", "extension data 06", "JPEG 1997" );
  marker[0xf7] = init_marker( "SOF48", "start of frame (JPEG-LS)", "JPEG-LS" );
  marker[0xf8] = init_marker( "LSE", "extension parameters (JPEG-LS)", "JPEG-LS" );
  marker[0xf9] = init_marker( "JPG9", "extension data 09", "JPEG 1997" );
  marker[0xfa] = init_marker( "JPG10", "extension data 10", "JPEG 1997" );
  marker[0xfb] = init_marker( "JPG11", "extension data 11", "JPEG 1997" );
  marker[0xfc] = init_marker( "JPG12", "extension data 12", "JPEG 1997" );
  marker[0xfd] = init_marker( "JPG13", "extension data 13", "JPEG 1997" );
  marker[0xfe] = init_marker( "JCOM", "extension data (comment)", "JPEG 1997" );

  /* JPEG 2000 - defined in IEC 15444-1 "JPEG 2000 Core (part 1)" */
    /* delimiters */
  marker[0x4f] = init_marker( "SOC", "start of codestream", "JPEG 2000" );
  marker[0x90] = init_marker( "SOT", "start of tile", "JPEG 2000" );
  marker[0xd9] = init_marker( "EOC", "end of codestream", "JPEG 2000" );
      /* fixed information segment */
  marker[0x51] = init_marker( "SIZ", "image and tile size", "JPEG 2000" );
      /* functional segments */
  marker[0x52] = init_marker( "COD", "coding style default", "JPEG 2000" );
  marker[0x53] = init_marker( "COC", "coding style component", "JPEG 2000" );
  marker[0x5e] = init_marker( "RGN", "region of interest", "JPEG 2000" );
  marker[0x5c] = init_marker( "QCD", "quantization default", "JPEG 2000" );
  marker[0x5d] = init_marker( "QCC", "quantization component", "JPEG 2000" );
  marker[0x5f] = init_marker( "POC", "progression order change", "JPEG 2000" );
      /* pointer segments */
  marker[0x55] = init_marker( "TLM", "tile-part lengths", "JPEG 2000" );
  marker[0x57] = init_marker( "PLM", "packet length (main header)", "JPEG 2000" );
  marker[0x58] = init_marker( "PLT", "packet length (tile-part header)", "JPEG 2000" );
  marker[0x60] = init_marker( "PPM", "packed packet headers (main header)", "JPEG 2000" );
  marker[0x61] = init_marker( "PPT", "packed packet headers (tile-part header)", "JPEG 2000" );
      /* bitstream internal markers and segments */
  marker[0x91] = init_marker( "SOP", "start of packet", "JPEG 2000" );
  marker[0x92] = init_marker( "EPH", "end of packet header", "JPEG 2000" );
      /* informational segments */
  marker[0x63] = init_marker( "CRG", "component registration", "JPEG 2000" );
  marker[0x64] = init_marker( "COM", "comment", "JPEG 2000" );

  return marker;
}

/* read a 16 bit little-endian integer */
void read16(FILE *in, uint16_t *p)
{
	unsigned char q[2];
	fread(q, 1, 2, in);
	*p = q[0] | q[1] << 8;
	return;
}

/* read a 32 bit little-endian integer */
void read32(FILE *in, uint32_t *p)
{
	unsigned char q[4];
	fread(q, 1, 4, in);
	*p = q[0] | q[1] << 8 | q[2] << 16 | q[3] << 24;
	return;
}

/* write a 16 bit little-endian integer */
void write16(FILE *out, uint16_t p)
{
	unsigned char q[2];
	q[0] = p & 0xFF;
	q[1] = (p >> 8) & 0xFF;
	fwrite(q, 1, 2, out);
	return;
}

/* write an 8 bit integer */
void write8(FILE *out, unsigned char p)
{
	fwrite(&p, 1, 1, out);
	return;
}

/* write a 32 bit little-endian integer */
void write32(FILE *out, uint32_t p)
{
	unsigned char q[4];
	q[0] = p & 0xFF;
	q[1] = (p >> 8) & 0xFF;
	q[2] = (p >> 16) & 0xFF;
	q[3] = (p >> 24) & 0xFF;
	fwrite(q, 1, 4, out);
	return;
}

/* write a 32 bit big-endian integer */
void write_be32(FILE *out, uint32_t p)
{
	unsigned char q[4];
	q[0] = (p >> 24) & 0xFF;
	q[1] = (p >> 16) & 0xFF;
	q[2] = (p >> 8) & 0xFF;
	q[3] = p & 0xFF;
	fwrite(q, 1, 4, out);
	return;
}

/* insert a 32 bit big-endian integer into a buffer */
void put_be32(unsigned char *p, uint32_t q)
{
	p[0] = (q >> 24) & 0xFF;
	p[1] = (q >> 16) & 0xFF;
	p[2] = (q >> 8) & 0xFF;
	p[3] = q & 0xFF;
	return;
}

/* dump an abstract of a jpeg stream */
int dump_stream(FILE *out, FILE *in)
{
    int c;
    long offset = 0;
    while (!feof(in)) {
	c = fgetc(in);
	if (c == 0xFF) {
	    int code = fgetc(in);
	    if (code > 0) {
		fprintf(out, "marker 0xff%02x %s at offset %ld", code, markers[code].mark, offset);
		fprintf(out, "\t(%s)\n", markers[code].name);
	    }
	    offset++;
	}
	offset++;
    }

    return 0;
}

void usage(const char *name, FILE *out)
{
	fprintf(out, "usage: %s <file1.jpg> [<file2.jp2> ...]\n", name);
	fprintf(out, "  dumps the structure of a JPEG codestream for inspection.\n");
	return;
}

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
	int i;
	FILE *in;

	if (argc < 2) usage(argv[0], stderr);

	markers = init_markers();

	/* treat the filename "-" as stdin */
	if (argv[1][0] == '-' && argv[1][1] == 0)
		in = stdin;

	for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
		const char *fn = argv[i];
		if (fn[0] == '-' && fn[1] == 0)
			in = stdin;
		else
			in = fopen(fn, "rb");
		if (in != NULL) {
			/* do something */
			dump_stream(stdout, in);
			if (in != stdin)
				fclose(in);
		} else {
			fprintf(stderr, "could not open '%s'\n", argv[i]);
			return 1;
		}
	}

	return 0;
}